The software that gives associations – Online Press Center

The City has launched a single information portal for administrative procedures associations. History everybody clear path to it.

Community life is rich in Poitiers, nobody will deny it. Rich with a thousand associations about which benefit from € 35 million in grants each year from Poitiers and / or Grand Poitiers. Rich, too, € 15M payroll that these associations generate each year, according to the calculation made by the municipal services.

More worth going to hit

at the door of so and so

To see clearly and to simplify the procedures for volunteers, the City has started there three weeks a portal single computer to the associations. “ This is actually a unique identification record, says Francis Chalard, deputy mayor. It’s part of the project to modernize administrative procedures that led for several years. “
For several months, Benedict Théolat, the project manager, assisted by a computer Valentin Demousseau and two trainees, Iris and Imane, concocted a computer system that will allow associations to poitevines to date more easily information about them and to solicit their support in one place … “ Over the trouble to knock on the door of the services or solicit particular we elected knows , “says one at City Hall. Now there is only one wicket, and it is electronic, “ but there is still 60 referents officers in departments dealing associations and meet the demands ” promises Benedict Théolat.
The project has already received the bulk of administrative documents concerning the associations of Poitiers for “go” in the software. “ An association which now connects is benefiting already filled, she only has to make the final pieces for its grant application: the income statement and the budget. “
This web portal allows finally to update automatically directory poitevines associations that each citizen is available on the City’s website.

& gt; www.poitiers.fr, e-Services tab, category Associations.

Truffle 100: European Software invests heavily in the Saas – Silicon

pressure on profits, strengthening investment in R & amp; D to cash the transition to Saas. All in one region – Europe – growth failure. For Bernard-Louis Roques , CEO and co-founder of the fund Truffle Capital behind the ranking of the top 100 European software companies, the industry is going through “ a delicate situation . “

Overall, the top 100 publishers in Europe generates a cumulative turnover of 57.4 billion euros in 2013 , including 42.2 billion from directly from the software. An growth of 2.7% year on year . Certainly enviable growth in view of the sluggishness of the economy in Europe, but far from the levels there are only a few years. Thus, recorded 14% growth in 2010 and over 20% in 2011! “ This is the lowest growth of the Truffle 100 since its inception in 2006 ,” recalls Bernard-Louis Roques.

French 21 in the top 100

Among the top 100, a company on two exceeded 200 million revenue bar, 8 more than last year. European industry is obviously always outrageously dominated by SAP , which weighs about 9 times more than its immediate successor , the French Dassault Systems in terms of turnover from the software. The top 3, supplemented by the British Sage, representing 47% of the combined turnover of the Truffle 100 (stable over a year) and 59% of its profits (in progress of a point).

France
Class 21 companies in the top 100 (+2 in a year), more than any of its European neighbors. But in terms of cumulative revenue, industry only ranks third with 11.9% of the total (against 10.6% a year earlier). The United Kingdom, second, sees the combined turnover of its editors decline between 2012 and 2013. The UK software industry weighs 12.8% of the Truffle 100, against 14.6% a year earlier. Supported by SAP, Germany dominates the head and shoulders euro recorded in two Truffle 100 comes from its 15 major publishers

Like last year, the first 100 European publishers have. spent more on R & amp; D they have earned profits . These investments represent a total of 6.9 billion euros (compared to 6.4 billion profit), a figure virtually unchanged year on year. Totaling almost 64,000 jobs , against 63,300 a year earlier. Double the R & amp workforce;! D first 100 European publishers in the mid 2000s

France is ranked in second place in this field, with 11 400 salaried employees in the departments R & amp; D its 21 largest software companies . 17.8% of the total. Far behind Germany (SAP employs alone 17,800 people in R & amp; D over the world), but well ahead of the United Kingdom (10.8% of total)

Publishers leaking. the scholarship

” The high investment in R & amp; D can be explained by the change in the Saas qu’amène paradigm, which involves a real transformation of the economic model , analyzes the co-founder of Truffle Capital. This transition requires high levels of investment would not result in an improvement in revenues and profiles . “At least in the short term, the Saas model replacing the license sales – a large sum paid upstream of the project – rent a spread in time. And Bernard-Louis Roques said he expected to see this – R & amp; D high, pressure on profits – continue. “ M & can expect and buy-American actors , which benefit from higher valuations to their European counterparts . “

According to the head of the fund, if Europe is comparable to the US in terms of innovation, the access to capital remains a problem of this side of the Atlantic. For proof, only 56 of the 100 European publishers are publicly traded. They were 85 in this case in 2007. A weakness that can also grow startups designers to cross the Atlantic to more easily find the financial resources they need to develop their products. Case Docker , the publisher behind the container technology that shakes today the Cloud market is emblematic in this respect: this start-up closed its operations in France to better revive in Silicon Valley

Read also:.
Software: Saas growth primarily benefits specialists
French publishers Software doubt, despite the growth

Photo credit: isak55 / Shutterstock

Detekt: software that detects government oversight – i TV

The NGO Amnesty International has just developed a software that would allow journalists or activists of human rights whether their computers are touted by government agencies.

Skype Conversations spied, discs Hard searched, tapping, or personal screenshots. All these manipulations are performed by the intelligence service, Amnesty International understands. To remedy these breaches of privacy or confidentiality, the NGO has developed an application that would allow journalists and activists to know when they are being spied on by the government.

#Detekt: new software for the game of “cat and mouse” against Big Brother “

” Governments are increasingly using more dangerous technologies and sophisticated that allow them to read email and monitor remote webcams or microphones of journalists and activists , “said Marek Marczynski, head of the Army branch, Security and Police Amnesty International. This He argues that these methods are governmental “ loose ” and have only intended to keep secret violations of human rights perpetrated by states.

“should be shut your computer, do not connect to the Internet “

Named Detekt , the tool has been developed by organizations for human rights activists and computer. It is free and alert users when a spyware is detected. “ I have detected the presence of a possible spyware! You should turn off your computer, no longer connect to the Internet or other external device and contact support “prevent Detekt.

The Coalition against illegal export of surveillance technology (CAUSE) -including Amnesty is part- believes these spyware helped arrest or repression of numerous journalists and activists around the world and particularly in developing countries.

The World Trade the information collected would amount to $ 5 billion per year , said the coalition CAUSE. Some of these technologies are available online. In contrast to other, more sophisticated are developed by private companies based in developed countries and subsequently sold to information services which States would violate regularly human rights.

Detekt, new software against surveillance – Juicer

Detekt was developed by the German Claudio Guarnieri, in partnership with Amnesty International, Digitale Gesellschaft, Electronic Frontier Foundation and Privacy International.

The revelations of Edward Snowden are there to remind us. We were to the eye, even if we do not always know how and by whom. And among all the anti-monitoring solutions that have recently developed, there are now Detekt.

It was developed by the German Claudio Guarnieri, with contributions from partners such as Amnesty International or EFF.

“Detekt is a free tool that scans your Windows computer to detect traces of known spyware, used to target and monitor the defenders of human rights and journalists worldwide “, it said in the description of the software.

In essence, Detekt tell you after a scan if someone (eg NSA) spying on you through your computer via malware.

So if you have reason to think that Big Brother (or someone else) you spy, you can download Detekt this link, where you will find also instructions.

If Detekt found questionable items on your machine, one must stop and make a great household (a service that is not provided by the software.)

However, if it does not find anything, it will not want to say so that your PC is clean. They point well:

“Some spyware will likely be updated in response to the publication of Detekt to avoid detection. In addition, there may be existing versions of spyware [...] which are not detected by this tool. “

As many experts you say, never trust 100% software. But by combining a number of good practices, you expose yourself less. Below, a few articles on the same subject:

<<- Taboola -> ! – 728×90, date of creation 08/05/11 ->

Extracurricular. A software Lannion in 230 cities – Ouest-France

When there are many children in common, the management of extra-curricular activities is very complex. There are the hours of entry and exit point daycare, meals in the canteen billing, with cancellations and last minute bookings, bills to calculate based on family coefficient, limited enrollment center or leisure time for extracurricular activities … A real gas machine sometimes.

West 3D circumvented this difficulty by creating a web page for parents and pointing systems using code- bars identifying children. 230 municipalities have already adopted. “Parents can pay by credit card on the web portal. This avoids going to town hall that one has access only opening hours “ full Annabelle Arnaud, responsible support this software.

Read Friday’s edition “Lannion, Paimpol”

Detekt, the new software to thwart cyber state – FRANCE 24

Down with these countries, more or less authoritarian, who increasingly use spyware to keep an eye on their population. They have since Thursday 20 November, a new enemy: Detekt. This tool launched by Amnesty International, in partnership with the NGO Privacy International, the Electronic Frontier Foundation and Digital Gesellschaft, indicates whether a government is interested too close to the online activity of some users.

“This is not an anti-gun NSA, which makes mass surveillance, but rather a software to fight against espionage which are primarily targeted against journalists and human rights activists in authoritarian regimes “explains Nicolas Krameyer France 24, program manager” people in danger and freedom of expression, “Amnesty International France.

already successful tests

Detekt works as an anti-virus but is not interested in the common viruses. “It will scan a computer to try to detect the presence of a wide range of spyware, which we know to exist and we know they are sold in the States in order to enable them to make cyber, “said Alexander Sander, director of projects at the Digital Gesellschaft, a German association who designed this software.

Specifically, simply download the software, start the scan and let it idle for several Detekt hours to go get it in the bowels of the computer for the presence of unwanted programs. “We must also cut Internet access to the most advanced spyware do not come to day to escape Detekt during scan,” says Alexander Sander.

“In our tests, we have seen it work and it has already managed to detect the presence of spyware on computers, “says Nicolas Kramayer who refuses to specify which states are affected by these successful trials. A priori, authoritarian regimes versed in such practices, such as Bahrain and Vietnam, are more likely to have a dim view of the arrival of Detekt. But states, so-called democratic, such as Australia and Germany have also been using these practices, as Nicolas Kramayer. Detekt is also available for download to users worldwide.

Against the lucrative market for spyware

Detekt is also a way of denounce the trade, more importantly, these spyware “mainly by North American and European companies that sell to authoritarian regimes,” notes Nicolas Kramayer. This market represents about four billion dollars (3.2 billion euros), according to Global because a coalition against the illegal export of surveillance technology. One of the stars of this sector is FinSpy, developed by the German company FinFisher. This popular, including Turkmenistan, Singapore or Bahrain software allows Cyberspies listen free Skype conversations, read emails, take control of a webcam or upload files to the hard drive. “This is a business that is absolutely not regulated at the international level and is very opaque. We hope Detekt will educate users about it, “says Nicolas Kramayer.

But this new tool is not the ultimate weapon. “This software does not offer perfect protection against cyber state is a complicating their task,” warns Alexander Sander. Detekt detects, in fact, that the known spyware. This is a list that is not necessarily exhaustive in an area where secrecy and opacity are good selling points for companies selling this type of solution.

Faced with Detekt, these companies as Finfischer the French Atos and others do not are likely to remain idle. “In a few weeks, they will have updated their products to escape the vigilance of Detekt” predicts Nicolas Kramayer. This is the inevitable game of cat and mouse between detection software and malware.

On this ground, Amnesty International and Digital Gesellschaft does not have the same resources that these groups private. “We have, at present, no means for a person working full-time to update the spyware database to be detected,” laments Alexander Sander. He hoped that this project raises donations in order to continue to work effectively

The German expert also wants to believe that another factor plays for Detekt. Open-source character. That is to say that anyone can go rummage in the code (the heart of the program) to identify potential bugs.

First Published: 11/20/2014

Software to help activists against surveillance … – The World

To help journalists and human rights activists to protect espionage governments, Amnesty International and three other non-governmental organizations announced Thursday, Nov. 20 the launch of a free tool that can check whether their computers are monitored by spyware.

The software, called “Detekt” is presented as the first of its kind for the public to detect “on computers and mobile devices The main monitoring software known, some of which are used by governments “, Amnesty International said in a statement.

Governments are increasingly using technologies “that allow them to read the private emails of activists and journalists and to remotely turn on the camera and the computer microphone thereof to surreptitiously record their activities” , explained Mark Marczynski, Amnesty framework.

“Counter-attack”

As stated in the Guardian , the market for spy technology and monitoring is booming. It is estimated at around EUR 3.8 billion.

Detekt is intended to warn of such intrusion to “to strike back against” face to governments that use some of the information for “submit human rights defenders and journalists, arbitrary arrests, illegal detention and even torture” , has he added.

Designed by Claudio Guarnieri, German researcher specializing in security issues, Detekt is launched by Amnesty International in collaboration with organizations Digitale Gesellschaft, Electronic Frontier Foundation and Privacy International.

Read all our articles on digital freedoms

Tree wants to change the “software” of budgetary discipline in Europe – Echoes

French Finance Minister Michel Sapin, awaiting the opinion of the European Commission on the French budget, said Wednesday he was “adapting the fiscal governance framework, our joint program.”
Front senators he called for moving away from a “software prevention of collapse of the euro area is likely” that prevails in his far to go to “software guarantees a sustainable balanced growth.”
“I wish we could improve this framework,” said Sapin, according to the text of his speech that he has not fully delivered. He was referring to large settlements followed by the European Commission to assess the economic and fiscal policies: the “six-pack” and the “two-pack”
“We must first decide guidance aggregated to the area. euro before entering a debate by country if it is not coordination but the juxtaposition, “the Minister of Finance. Mr.
Fir also reiterated that “fiscal policy (should) ensure the continuation of fiscal consolidation without stifling growth, a pace slower reduction in fiscal deficits, and coordinated between members of the euro zone.”
Paris expected imminently the opinion of the European Commission, the guardian of fiscal rules on public finances.
France has already officially buried its target of reducing its deficit to 3% of gross domestic product, is the tolerance set in the Treaties, in 2015. This level may not be reached before 2017.

The new Google software is able to caption your photos … – Slate.fr

The computers can do (many) things in our place, as illustrated by the new invention of Google. Two groups of scientists at Stanford and Google have created software that can, not to recognize an object in your photos, but to identify the whole scene and generate a picture caption in English, reports The New York Times.

This new captioning system, called Neural Legend (NIC), is based on techniques of computer vision and natural language processing. The two groups of scientists have combined neural networks “convolutional” a learning model that allowed major advances in the accuracy of computer vision, says Gigaom.

Researchers at Google say they have inspired advances in machine translation:

 

“[...] a recurrent neural network (RNN) transforms a sentence in French vector representation and a second RNN uses this representation to generate a target sentence in German”

 

Instead of first language network, the researchers used a convolutional neural network which is used to classify objects in images. One of the networks so encodait the image into a compact representation, while the other generates a sentence of description.

The system has been tested with several image databases in line. The quality of descriptive captions thus generated was judged satisfactory by an algorithm that evaluates the quality of translation between languages.

This artificial intelligence would primarily improve visual search in Online says New York Times

 

“The advances could enable better catalog and search billions of images and videos available online, the description and archiving are often bad. For now, the search engines like Google rely heavily on written language that accompanies a video or image to determine that it contains “

 

According to Gigaom, it is representative of artificial intelligences that go to more precision:

 

“For example, while a recognition system classical object might be able to recognize a cat and a goldfish in a picture, these new hybrid systems could probably determine that the This scene actually a cat that catches a fish in a bowl. Associated with a knowledge base that includes predator-prey relationship between the two animals, same system might be able to predict that the goldfish is about to be eaten. “

 

The New York Times points out that this technology could also, in the long term to help enable blind and visually impaired to understand the content of an image. Integrated robots to cars could them make better decisions in the context

But it can also affect the effectiveness of supervision.

 

“In the last 15 years, video cameras were placed in a large number of public and private spaces. In the future, the software that makes the camera function will not only be able to identify specific people via facial recognition, experts say, but also to identify certain types of behavior, perhaps even automatically alert authorities. “

 

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Clustree, the software that supports the internal promotion of employees – Challenges.fr

Skip the HR manager in business developer within the same company is now possible. “Our technology, which processes data online CVs and our customers, such as GDF Suez, identifies the skills required to fill a vacancy,” says the founder of Clustree, Benedicta of Raphelis Soissan. “The software then recommends a list of profiles from different internal departments.”

Positions, performances, attendance: the algorithm used by the company Clustree analysis of thousands of career paths to optimize conversions. This truly innovative solution has attracted investors. Last month, the company has raised 600,000 euros from Alven Capital Fund. The objective of Clustree is twofold: to exploit the hidden employees instead of hiring talent. Anticipate and jumps original career.

benedict Raphelis Soissan has realized that such managers and business developers sharing a good overview of the company, crucial to take these two positions. His solution breaks the ideas: “We always said that HR does not know how to sell or develop an activity because it deals with the human, then that is completely wrong We must break down barriers and trades. developing skills rather than training. ” Clearly, no need to graduate HEC for a position as a sales manager. The potential prevails on the resume.

Reassure RH

This cross-business approach reminds A study conducted in 2013 by the firm Evolv . The optimization specialist employee performance had already demonstrated that there was no real correlation between the success of a candidate holding a new position and experience accumulated in the past.

“But HR departments are afraid to change their methods of recruitment,” the founder of Clustree advance. “By showing, supporting data, some jumps career fully satisfactory to employers, I have to overcome their reluctance. A significant percentage of conversion exists among executives, because we trust them. But in reality Everyone has untapped ability “

To Froissant Jacques, CEO of recruitment firm Altaïde 2.0, this technology also reduce discrimination”! Human intervention is not always pragmatic in terms of recruitment. HR often tend to consider arbitrary factors such as age, sex or origin. Sorting through the CV big data would streamline the selection and give a chance to everyone. “

30% savings

Clustree offer another advantage: significant savings on hiring by valuing the talents already in the business. “On average, recruitment costs via a specialized firm amounted to 25,000 euros per head,” said Benedict of Raphelis Soissan. “My solution could reduce by 30% the annual budget for hiring. Either three million euros in savings each year by a company such as GDF Suez, which has 200,000 employees.”

Despite the undeniable advantages of this new solution, Jacques Froissant does not worry for the future of headhunters:” For the moment, this type of algorithm is only useful for very large companies . Above all, it does not yet replace human expertise, which remains critical to recommend a candidate “

But the boss Altaïde recognizes the importance of these emerging tools.: “At LinkedIn, 400 people working on big data to improve their software matching. We could apply the technical recruitment Clustree all-out.”

Adrian San Isidoro

Record the screen of your PC through software screencast – repository

If the majority of users know the software screenshot, they do not necessarily know screencast software. The difference between the two is minimal and yet can make all the difference according to the project you have to achieve. Software screen capture allows you to capture a portion or the entire screen of your computer permanently. So you get a picture of your screen you can then edit or complete with annotations. Software allow screencast, meanwhile, record your screen as video. A way of working that may be highly relevant in particular for producing tutorials, and demonstration of video games. Thus, if you are interested in screencasting and want to dig deeper, keep this article and discover 10 screencast software that we have selected for you.

free screencast software

If you want to make occasional screencasts from your computer, you will be the ample screen recording software free. Less complete in terms of features, they nevertheless provide reliable records, quality, that will not ask any special knowledge in recording or video editing.

CamStudio

CamStudio is the leading free software screencast. Real alternative to Camtasia famous, it records everything that happens on your computer screen in AVI format. The user can choose the recording area and can even capture the sound with different codecs installed. CamStudio is thus one of the most easy to use software, especially the one that will give you the best results from a qualitative point of view. You will not really disappointed with the results!

Jing

Another alternative to Camtasia not least since it is also published by TechSmith, I named Jing. This free software has the advantage of offering users the ability to perform simple screenshots or video captures. Discreet, this application integrates seamlessly with any PC and is accessible at any time. A good way to start the screencast so without taking the head.

Screenpresso

If tools you like all-in-one, you will certainly love Screenpresso. Jing as it allows you to make Screenshots an image or video, all for free. With it, you can highlight the significant elements with the integrated image editor and easily share your screencasts on social networks or directly to the cloud via Screenpresso Cloud. The latter option is useful because it does not require account creation on the part of the user.

ActivePresenter

For tutorials and screencasts classic you can also choose ActivePresenter solution. This software has three modes of screen capture: “complete” that records the entire screen “window” which records a portion of the screen and then “smart” following your every move. Rather full for free, this software also gives you the ability to define beforehand the audio source and the number of frames per second.

Screencast Capture Lite

Finally, the newest of the list of free software screencast Screencast Capture Lite. Like the four previous software, it allows you to capture your screen in several different ways and then export the video format. The highlight of this software is that it supports different formats (AVI, MOV, MP4, or MKV), and thus facilitates the video sharing with other people or computers .

Software screencast pay

If you plan to make screencasts for professional purposes, it is important to opt for a paid screencast software. Available for most in free trial version, they have a greater choice of video formats, many tools to customize your recordings and a much better image quality, essential to capture the interest of your audience.

Camtasia

We are accustomed to call the beginning of this article, Camtasia is a must in screencast. This software is not a simple screen recording software, it is also a video editing software, able to customize any video by inserting multimedia elements. A simple and efficient, Camtasia screencast is the solution of all-in-one by excellence we strongly recommend that you test by downloading the trial version

My Screen Recorder

screen recording software quite general include My Screen Recorder. More efficient than a conventional software screenshot, it includes some interesting options like capture with sound, allowing users to add comments on a microphone. Moreover, if the software is able to record the screen of your PC, it is also capable of recording the events of the mouse and the keyboard

Fraps

You are a true gamer at heart and you rhyme with screencast recording your achievements on FIFA Godus or Diablo 3? Then you are made to use Fraps. This software has been specially designed to allow gamers to perform screen, video or benchmarks of their parts catch. With a simple keyboard shortcut, you can record videos at 30 frames per second including sound. The best of the best!

Action

In the same vein as Fraps, there are Action! . This software allows you to make videos of parts of Video Games of the easiest and fastest ever. The goal is not to make you lose by turning your attention to more complicated manipulations, but to help you record your exploits and share them on the Internet. Unlike Fraps which offers several codecs, Action! not this one but includes several tools video customization.

Adobe Captivate

finish this screencast software selection Pay by software which for once could do a hell hole in your wallet, I called Adobe Creative. Available free trial version, it is displayed to 476 € on the website of the publisher. But do not worry, for this price you much more than a simple screen recording software video format. Aimed at professionals, Adobe software is a specialist e-learning content and allows users to create all sorts of demonstrations teaching in high definition. Arguments that will convince you to buy it … or not!

The trapped via computer software – the New Republic

Indre-et-Loire

The police again puts warning Internet users against certain practices.
Saturday, a complaint was lodged the misfortune experienced by a person living in the northern department.
The story? She receives a call from a person speaking English with an Asian accent; the author pretends to be Microsoft Corporation based in Manchester, UK.
The caller then says that the IP address of the computer is used by hackers to commit mischief on the Internet.

Never give out bank details

To update the system and protect it, it takes control of the victim’s computer via the “Team viewer” software installed therein.
Therefore, the author establishes a new password and request bank details to collect the fee (€ 5) update the system.
In this case, the victim refused. The damage could be very important in allowing a third party to remotely access your computer, it is no longer accessible by the user, says one side of the gendarmerie; In addition, you should never provide bank codes online or by phone.

Purchase of the City of Montreal: software end of life – LaPresse.ca

The US computer giant recently announced that it was terminating the sale of its Windows 7 operating system, launched in October 2009. The US company hopes to push its customers to adopt a newer version such as 8.1 or 10, launched this fall.

 Businesses will continue to opt for the professional version of Windows 7, the most popular at present operating system, but Microsoft warns that it will soon end technical support.

 On its website, Microsoft says that “the main support phase” expires January 13, 2015. From that date, customers will no longer receive updates, except for security updates, which will be performed until January 2020.

 The end of “the main support phase” occur when the City of Montreal has not yet completed to implement Windows 7 on all computers. Launched in April, the transition to the operating system Windows XP replacement must be completed only in April.

 “When you arrive and the meeting is over, it’s too late. This is extremely disturbing. The manager who advised that one wonders if he knew we were going to discontinue service within 12 months after the decision, “said Marc-André Gadoury, elected Project Montreal.

 “The system is not the end of life, but at the end of commercial life: they will stop the sale, wants to qualify Harout Chitilian responsible technologies. It’s a bit like Apple comes out new versions every year. The life cycles of software are increasingly shortcuts to maximize sales, but large organizations can not afford to continually change version. They must focus on one version and amortize the cost over several years. “

 It is in this context that Montreal decided in 2013 to build on Windows 7 Professional. Harout Chitilian indicates that the operating system should have a life span of six to seven years anyway. Microsoft has announced the end of good technical support, it will continue to operate, he says.

 “Even if they have publicly announced that they would stop supporting Windows XP on April 8, it does not prevent them to turn to their clients to sell their extended warranties. “

 According elected, Microsoft claimed 2 million to Montreal for the support of his XP system for a year to allow upgrading to Windows 7. The city eventually agreed to pay $ 320,000 for the support of its 15,000 desktops .

 The opposition would have preferred Montreal opts for an open operating system. Harout Chitilian says that such a solution would have cost more, since many software would need to be updated. “Estimates have been made to enhance the applications, and the cost benefit analysis of Windows yet. “

 Still, the transition to Windows 7 itself drives invoices to ensure the compatibility of some software. Last June, Montreal had to pay $ 227,000 to the firm Northrop Grumman for the “technological enhancement” of its software for computer-aided dispatch calls to the police department of the City of Montreal (SPVM), described as “a system critical for daily operations. ” Other enhancements of the kind are to be expected, says Chitilian.

  WINDOWS XP WINDOWS 7

  April 2014

 Microsoft ended support for Windows XP, the operating system used by the City of Montreal. The city decided to replace it with Windows 7 Professional.

  January 2015

 Microsoft will end the main phase of support for Windows 7 Professional.

  April 2015

 The City of Montreal plans to complete the transition to Windows 7 Professional.

  January 2020

 Microsoft will end extended support for Windows 7 Professional.